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Animal Minds & Animal Ethics Connecting Two Separate Fields
Animal Minds & Animal Ethics
Connecting Two Separate Fields




Klaus Petrus, Markus Wild (Hrsg.)

Transcript
EAN: 9783837624625 (ISBN: 3-8376-2462-5)
360 Seiten, paperback, 15 x 23cm, September, 2013, kart., zahlr. Abb.

EUR 49,80
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Umschlagtext
Animal minds and animal ethics – different origins, connecting similarities. Philosophers working on questions of animal ethics usually draw on research into animal cognition and subscribe to strong positions regarding animal minds. Whereas philosophers interested in the question of animal minds sometimes draw ethical conclusions from the positions they argue for. In spite of such overlaps, these two areas of research have grown up separately. One reason for this separation stems from the institutional distinction between theoretical and practical philosophy.

The principal aim of this anthology is to build bridges between the fields and different philosophical approaches of animal ethics and of animal minds and cognition.
Rezension
Dieses englisch-sprachige Buch versucht, die beiden Disziplinen der Tierethik und Tierrechtsbewegung einerseits, die eher in der Praktischen Philosophie / Ethik angesiedelt sind, mit der Disziplin der Tierphilosophie andererseits, die eher in der Theoretischen Philosophie angesiedelt ist, in Korrelation zu setzen; zumal die eine Disziplin oftmals Argumente aus der anderen Disziplin bezieht. Dabei gerät u.a. der typisch westliche, anthropozentrische Zugriff auf die Welt in den Focus der Auseinandersetzung. Tierethik gerät im 21. Jahrhundert zunehmend in den Blick, ebenso aber auch die Frage nach den kognitiven Fähigkeiten von Tieren. Gibt es ein mentales Leben von Tieren? Und wie sieht es aus? Haben Tiere (moralische) Rechte? Deshalb hebt dieses Buch ab auf die Fragestellung: "The main idea was to build bridges between the fields of animal ethics and the philosophy of animal minds and cognition."

Dieter Bach, lehrerbibliothek.de
Verlagsinfo
Schlagworte:
Ethics, Animal Ethics, Animal Minds, Animal Cognition, Philosophy of Mind, Human-Animal Studies, Animal, Human Animal Studies, Animal Philosophy, Philosophy, Cultural Studies
Adressaten:
Philosophy, Cognitive Science, Ethics, Ethology

Klaus Petrus is Lecturer in Philosophy at the University of Berne. Until 2012, he was SNSF-professor of philosophy of language. He is, among others, the author of »Tierrechtsbewegung« (2013).
Markus Wild is professor of philosophy at the University of Basel. He is the author of, among others, »Tierphilosophie« (2008).
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Introduction
Animal Minds and Animal Ethics
Klaus Petrus & Markus Wild | 7

Part One
Animals, Science and the Moral Community


1. Animal Mind
Science, Philosophy, and Ethics
Bernard E. Rollin | 15

2. Animal Minds, Cognitive Ethology, and Ethics
Colin Allen & Marc Bekoff | 37

3. A Form of War
Animals, Humans, and the Shifting Boundaries of Community
Justin E.H. Smith | 59

4. Cognition and Community
Gary Steiner | 83

Part Two
Animal Autonomy and Its Moral Significance


5. Mental Capacities and Animal Ethics
Hans-Johann Glock | 113

6. The Question of Belief Attribution in Great Apes
Its Moral Significance and Epistemic Problems
Robert W. Lurz | 147

7. Ape Autonomy?
Social Norms and Moral Agency in Other Species
Kristin Andrews | 173

8. The Nonhuman Roots of Human Morality
Evelyn B. Pluhar | 197

Part Three
The Diversity of Animal Ethics


9. Animal Rights
A Non-Consequentialist Approach
Uriah Kriegel | 231

10. Taking Sentience Seriously
Gary L. Francione | 249

11. Two Approaches to Animal Ethics and the Case of Great Apes
Alessandro Blasimme, Constantine Sandis & Lisa Bortolotti | 269

12. Personhood, Interaction and Skepticism
Elisa Aaltola | 295

13. Eating and Experimenting on Animals
Two Issues in Ethics
Alice Crary | 321

Contributors | 355


Leseprobe:

Introduction
Animal Minds and Animal Ethics
Klaus Petrus & Markus Wild
1. BIG ISSUES IN ANIMAL PHILOSOPHY
What may, in very general terms, be called “the animal issue” has drawn
wide academic and public attention in the past thirty years. The issues at
stake are our (Western) perception of animals, our interaction and involvement
with animals, the differences between ourselves and other animals,
our moral obligations towards animals, and the practical consequences
that a moral standing of animals would have. After the turn of the twentyfirst
century, animal ethics is very much on the mind of philosophers, ethicists,
professionals who use animals, politicians, lawmakers, pet-owners
and the general public. A related phenomenon is the explosion of research
into the cognitive abilities of animals, as seen in the inspiring work being
done on the science of animal cognition and behaviour.
This development has not remained without a direct influence on
philosophy, especially regarding not only the philosophy of mind but also
moral philosophy. Clearly, the animal issue has engaged philosophers in
two related but distinct ways. On the one hand, there has been a growing
interest in the question of animal minds. Can we attribute mental states
to non-human animals? If so, what kinds of mental states? What does the
mental life of a non-human animal look like? On the other hand, there also
been a growing interest in the question of animal ethics. Do we have direct
moral obligations towards animals? Do animals have rights? Should states
enact strong legal policies with regards to animals? Philosophers working
on questions of animal ethics usually draw on research into animal cognition,
and subscribe to strong positions regarding animal minds. Philosophers
interested in the question of animal minds sometimes draw ethical
8 Klaus Petrus & Markus Wild
conclusions from the positions they argue for. In spite of such overlaps,
these two areas of research have grown up separately. One reason for this
separation stems from the institutional distinction between theoretical
and practical philosophy. Philosophers working on ethical questions do
not, as a rule, spend a lot of time in the theoretical department, whereas
philosophers working on questions of consciousness and mentality are
generally not the ones writing about moral issues.
Given this situation, the principal aim of this anthology is to draw
links between the philosophy of animal minds and animal ethics. The
editors encouraged philosophers working on the philosophy of mind to
engage in ethical considerations resulting from their theoretical framework,
and they invited philosophers working on animal ethics to elaborate
on their views regarding animal minds. The main idea was to build
bridges between the fields of animal ethics and the philosophy of animal
minds and cognition. Additionally, they encouraged philosophers from
both fields to inquire into a third topic, i.e. the question as to whether nonhuman
animals can be considered not only as mindful agents but also as
moralor at least as proto-moral—agents. Therefore, besides the contributions
on animal ethics and animal minds, this volume includes essays on
the topic of moral behaviour in animals.
Another observation about current developments in animal ethics
and the philosophy of animal minds is the diversification of approaches
and viewpoints. As some articles in this anthology will show, animal
ethics has developed beyond the utility-versus-rights question that dominated
the debate into the 1990s, while the philosophy of animal minds
has moved out of the naturalistic camp where it was firmly rooted until
that decade. In recent years, however, not only have animal ethics and the
philosophy of animal minds exhibited a dramatic increase in diversity or
breadth of perspectives, the same is also true of research into animal cognition
and behaviour.